Fig. 5: GmWRKY40 also functions downstream of SA biosynthesis and enhances the expression of SA-marker gene GmPR1 in response to P. sojae.

a Typical phenotypes of WRKY40-OE and EV soybean hairy roots after 48 h of P. sojae inoculation. Bars, 0.5 cm. b Typical phenotypes of WRKY40-RNAi and EV soybean hairy roots after 48 h of P. sojae inoculation. Bars, 0.5 cm. c qRT-PCR analysis of relative GmLHP1 expression in transgenic soybean hairy roots. Soybean hairy roots transformed with empty vector (EV) were used as controls; the expression level of the control sample (EV) was set to 1. d Relative biomass of P. sojae in GmLHP1-transgenic soybean hairy roots based on the transcript level of P. sojae TEF1 (EU079791). e SA contents in WRKY40-OE, WRKY40-RNAi, and EV hairy roots. FW, fresh weight. f Relative expression level of GmPR1 in WRKY40-OE, WRKY40-RNAi, and EV hairy roots. The expression level of the control sample (EV) was set to 1. The housekeeping gene GmEF1 was used as an internal control to normalize the data. The experiment was performed on three biological replicates, each with three technical replicates, and the results were statistically analyzed using Student’s t-test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). Bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 3).