Fig. 2: Structures in extant insects used to communicate.
From: Sound vs. light: wing-based communication in Carboniferous insects
(a, b, d Acrididae), (c Gryllidae), (e Asilidae). a Stenobothrus rubicundulus Kruseman & Jeekel, 1967, with enlarged cells (0) of castanet apparatuses on fore- and hind wings, and beater (°) on hind wing anterior margin. b Stauroderus scalaris (Fischer von Waldheim, 1846) male, enlarged cells (0) of crepitation zones. c Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer, 1773, male, stridulatory apparatus with enlarged cells (0) and file (narrow rectangle and detail below). d Arcyptera fusca (Pallas, 1773), enlarged cells (0) of crepitation zones. e Ommatius torulosus (Becker, 1925) male, corrugated reflecting zones (*). Scale bars: 2 mm. f Synthesis of the communication modes used in extant insects with their associated structures. Y yes, N no, YN co-occurrences.
