Fig. 1: Frequent upregulation of BRPF1 in human HCC.

a Phylogenetic tree of 43 human bromodomain-containing genes. b The expression of 43 bromodomain-containing genes in 16 pairs of human HCC tissues and their corresponding non-tumorous liver tissues by RNA-Seq. BRPF1 is at the top of the list. The P-values were calculated by paired t-test and adjusted for multiple testing. c Bromodomain and plant homeodomain (PHD) finger-containing protein (BRPF1) was highly upregulated in HCC. FPKM fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads. d BRPF1 expression was significantly upregulated in TCGA liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and kidney cancer cohorts. The P-values were calculated by paired t-test. T paired tumor, NT non-tumor samples, all T unpaired and paired tumors, RSEM RNA sequencing by expectation maximization. e BRPF1 gene copy number gain and gene amplification were associated with increased BRPF1 mRNA expression in TCGA HCC cohort. The percentages in the graph represent the proportion of each condition among all tumors. f BRPF1 is a core subunit of the MOZ/MORF histone acetyltransferase complex, which mediates H3K9, H3K14, and H3K23 acetylation for gene activation. The BRPF1 protein possesses a unique combination of reader domains, which are a double PHD and zinc finger module (PZP), a bromodomain and a C-terminal PWWP domain. All data were compared by independent t-test unless indicated otherwise. **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001 vs. diploid as indicated.