Fig. 3: Linking ecological and evolutionary changes of three key gut resident species in response to probiotic intervention in multiple studies.

The boxplots indicate the relative abundance and the normalized number of SNVs of a F. prausnitzii, b Eubacterium rectale, c Roseburia intestinalis in between time points in each study. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the abundance or nSNVs between time points and considered the significance at 0.05 levels. For each comparison, T0 represents the baseline phase and T1 represents the end point of the intervention phase (time variable). The box represents the 25–75th percentile, whiskers represent the full range, and the line represents the median value. The source data for graphs are available as Supplementary Data 7 or FigShare (https://figshare.com/projects/Probiotic_consumption_influences_universal_adaptive_mutations_in_indigenous_human_and_mouse_gut_microbiota/122447).