Fig. 2: Dyrk2−/− embryos exhibit congenital malformations in multiple organs. | Communications Biology

Fig. 2: Dyrk2−/− embryos exhibit congenital malformations in multiple organs.

From: Mice lacking DYRK2 exhibit congenital malformations with lung hypoplasia and altered Foxf1 expression gradient

Fig. 2

Dyrk2−/− mice exhibit vertebral, intestinal/anorectal, cardiac, trachea, esophageal, renal, and lung development. a Spine defects of E18.5 embryos. Red arrows; the lack of vertebral bodies and butterfly vertebrae. b H&E staining of the anus and cloaca in E18.5 embryos. B bladder, R rectum, C cloaca. c Gross morphology of intestine in E18.5 embryos. S stomach, SI small intestine, LI large intestine, I intestine. d H&E staining of intestine in E18.5 embryos. Epi epithelium, Mes mesenchyme. e Gross morphology and H&E staining of the heart and cardiac outflow tract in E18.5 embryos. Red arrowheads; the left and right subclavian arteries. Insets in each frame is a schematic of the aortic arch with the aorta and tributaries. a ascending aorta, b brachiocephalic artery, c left common carotid artery, d left subclavian artery, e descending aorta. f Gross morphology of trachea (Tr) and esophagus (Es), and alcian blue staining of cartilaginous rings in E18.5 embryos. g H&E staining of trachea (Tr) and esophagus (Es) in E18.5 embryos. Dashed black lines; cartilaginous rings. Dashed blue lines; esophagus. h Gross morphology of kidneys in E18.5 embryos. i H&E staining of kidneys in E18.5 embryos. Red arrowheads; the lobe folds. Black arrowheads; medullary collecting ducts. j Gross morphology of lungs in E18.5 embryos. AL accessory lobe, CaL caudal lobe, CrL cranial lobe, ML medial lobe, LL left, RL a one-lobed right lung. k H&E staining of lungs in E18.5 embryos. Black arrow; lung cysts. l Tissue weight of E18.5 embryos. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (WT: n = 10; KO: n = 7; **p < 0.01). Scale bar: 1.5 mm (a), 3 mm (c, h, j), 400 μm (b, g, i, k), 200 μm (d), 1 mm (e, f).

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