Fig. 4: Variation in effective population size and divergence times of three populations of the oriental fruit moth.
From: Population genomic signatures of the oriental fruit moth related to the Pleistocene climates
a Variation in effective population size (Ne) inferred by the SMC++ analysis. Warm climatic periods are labeled by yellow bars, while cold climatic periods are labeled by blue bars. A mutation rate (μ) of 2.9 × 10−9 per site per generation and a generation time (n) of 0.25 years was used. b Divergence times estimated using KimTree. The parameter τk ≡ tk/(2NK) is the length of the branch leading to population k. Mid-Holocene, 6000 years before present; LGM the last glacial maximum, ∼26.5–19 thousand years ago (kya); LIG the last interglacial period, 140–120 kya; PGM the penultimate glacial maximum, ∼155–140 kya.
