Fig. 4: Depleting colonic macrophages improves glucose metabolism.
From: Targeting colonic macrophages improves glycemic control in high-fat diet-induced obesity
Wild-type mice were fed a coconut-based HFD for 1 week (wk) and treated intrarectally with clodronate (turquoise triangles) or PBS liposomes (pink circles): a Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), body weight at IPGTT (PBS n = 15, clodronate n = 18), insulin (PBS n = 9, clodronate n = 11), and insulin tolerance test (ITT) (PBS n = 9, clodronate n = 5). b Basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets ex vivo. c Fold change of colonic macrophages (c-Macs) in the proximal colon. d Representative flow cytometry plots and fold change of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs). e Fold change of Kupffer cells (KCs), islet macrophages, and microglia. f Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA; left) and relative phyla abundances (right) of fecal microbiota (n = 8 per group). Statistical data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Data are representative of one (a ITT, b) experiment or five (a GTT), three (c, d), two (e, f) independent experiments, with each data point representing an individual mouse. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, unpaired Mann–Whitney U test with two-tailed distribution.
