Fig. 8: In vivo, ML reduced apoptosis and oxidative stress via inducing mitophagy.

a, b. TUNEL staining was performed to detect apoptosis in the flap in control, ML, and ML + CC groups (bar: 50 μm). c–h IHC results exhibited the expression of TFEB, Parkin, LC3, C-caspase3, and SOD1 positive cells in each group and the optical density values of these proteins were quantified (bar: 50 μm). i Total SOD activity was detected by xanthine oxidase method. j GSH level was assessed by modified 5,5′-dithiobis method. k MDA level by measured by thiobarbituric acid test. All experiments have been performed at least 4 times. Data are presented as mean ± S.D. n = 4 per group, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05.