Fig. 1: Shared disease effect and associations to connectivity gradients.
a Meta-analytic profiles of cortical thickness differences (unit in mm) in patients with each psychiatric condition relative to matched controls. Positive/negative values indicate increases/decreases in cortical thickness in patients relative to controls. Mean values of the regions involved in the same cortical lobes with SD are reported with bar plots. b The shared effect was identified through principal component analysis (PCA) applied to the concatenated effect size map. Spider/Radar plots stratify the effects according to functional communities68 and cortical hierarchy levels41. c The microstructural and functional connectivity gradients were generated by applying nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques to the group averaged connectivity matrix (middle left), and each connectivity matrix was reordered (right) according to the first gradients (middle right). d Spatial correlations of each gradient with the shared effect map are shown in the scatter plots. The distribution of correlation coefficients across 1,000 spin-tests are reported with histograms, and the actual r-values are represented with red bars. ASD autism spectrum disorder, ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, MDD major depressive disorder, OCD obsessive-compulsive disorder, BD bipolar disorder, SCZ schizophrenia, HC healthy controls, spin-FDR spin-test followed by false discovery rate.
