Fig. 5: Genome analysis of M. rotundifolia berry color loci and modeling structure of GST4b protein underlying berry color diversity.
a GWAS analysis of berry anthocyanin levels presented by the Manhattan plot. The y-axis indicates—log10(p) values of the result, and the x-axis refers to chromosome numbers. The Bonferroni-corrected P-value, 4.35, is presented by the dotted horizontal red line. The marker that shows the most significant—log10(p) value is indicated by a gray arrow with its name. b Comparative sequence analysis of the collinear regions of Noble and Trayshed genomes harboring the GSTs. The horizontal red and yellow bars indicate the sequences of Noble and Trayshed, respectively. The white squares in the two horizontal bars indicate the predicted genes. The vertical lines linking the two horizontal bars indicate similar regions and the similarity is depicted by color intensity. The location of GST homologs is indicated with arrows and names. In the Noble sequence, the GSTs absent in Trayshed are indicated by empty arrows, and the orthologous sets are indicated by the same color. c The 3-D modeling structure of anthocyanin–GST4b1 interaction based on the 5J4U template. The H-site is over-exposed with the specific amino acid interactions. The binding dominated by hydrophobic interactions with amino acid sidechains is shown.
