Fig. 4: Hybrid network of genetic associations revealed by gene-based association studies and significant partial correlations of detected sphingomyelins9, 20.

The six identified genes can be grouped into two categories: global sphingomyelin synthesis and synthesis and degradation of sphingosine-1-phosphate. The selected SM ratio is colored orange, other SM species are in green (light green: non-targeted metabolomics in Shin et al.9; dark green: targeted metabolomics in ADNI and Draisma et al.7), and genes are in dark yellow. S1P Sphingosine-1-phosphate, SM sphingomyelin species.