Fig. 4: Intramuscular axonal arborization during postnatal development.

a A comparison of the motor nerve arborizations in the gastrocnemius during postnatal development. The images in the yellow frames in the second column are enlarged and presented in the third column: they show increased axonal terminals and branches on the selected branch during postnatal development. Scale bar in white frames: 100 μm; scale bar in yellow frames: 30 μm. b qRT-PCR analysis of collagen XXV mRNA expression in embryonic (E13.5 and E17.5), neonatal (P0), and adult hindlimb muscles (n = 3 independent animals for each time point). mRNA levels were normalized to GADPH expression. c qRT-PCR analysis of collagen XXV mRNA expression in postnatal and adult muscles from the cervical part, forelimb, and hindlimb (n = 6 independent animals for each body part at each time point). All values are presented as the means ± SEM; statistical significance in b and c (n.s. represents not significant, *P < 0.05, and ***P < 0.001) was assessed using one-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA, and followed by Dunnett’s T3 post hoc test and Tukey post hoc test respectively.