Fig. 1: Selection, classification, and neutralizing potency characterization of antibodies against the 229E S trimer.
From: Antigenic mapping reveals sites of vulnerability on α-HCoV spike protein
a Schematic overview illustrating the antigenic landscape mapping process of 229E S trimer. b Interaction kinetics between each Fab and 229E S trimer, S1 or S2 subunit, NTD and RBD were characterized by SPR. The results indicate that C04 is directed against 229E RBD, F12 is directed against the S2 subunit, while all the other Fabs specifically interact with 229E NTD. c, d Competitive SPR results show that the eight NTD-directed Fabs all compete for a similar binding interface on 229E NTD. 229E S1 was immobilized onto the sensor, then blocked with saturating Fab D12 (c) or F07 (d), followed by a second injection of buffer only or the indicated Fabs. Fab C04 served as positive controls. e Neutralization profiles of IgG D12 (red), F12 (purple), F07 (orange) and C04 (black) against 229E PsV. Neutralizing activities are represented as individual data points and mean ± SD (n = 3 biologically independent experiments). Mean ± SD is indicated with 
. Individual data points are shown as filled red squares (D12), purple triangles (F12), orange circles (F07) and black triangles (C04), respectively.
