Fig. 6: Top 20 most abundant pathways in the gut microbiome compared to individuals from non-industrial and industrial societies.

Violin Plots represent the relative abundance (copies per million) of top 20 pathways in the Nunavik gut microbiome in comparison to non-industrialized and industrialized groups (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney; *: p-value ≤ 0.05, **p-value ≤ 0.01, ***: p-value ≤ 0.001, ****: p-value ≤ 0.0001). (PWY-1042 = PWY-1042: glycolysis IV (plant cytosol), PWY-6737 = PWY-6737: starch degradation V, DTDPRHAMSYN-PWY = DTDPRHAMSYN-PWY: dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis I, PWY-7111 = PWY-7111: pyruvate fermentation to isobutanol (engineered), ILEUSYN-PWY = ILEUSYN-PWY: L-isoleucine biosynthesis I (from threonine), VALSYN-PWY = VALSYN-PWY: L-valine biosynthesis, PWY-5686 = PWY-5686: UMP biosynthesis, PWY-7221 = PWY-7221: guanosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis, PWY-6386 = PWY-6386: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide biosynthesis II (lysine-containing), PWY-6387 = PWY-6387: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide biosynthesis II (meso-diaminopimelate containing), PWY-7219 = PWY-7219: adenosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis, PEPTIDOGLYCANSYN-PWY = PEPTIDOGLYCANSYN-PWY: peptidoglycan biosynthesis I (meso-diaminopimelate containing), PWY-6609 = PWY-6609: adenine and adenosine salvage III, COA-PWY-1 = COA-PWY-1: coenzyme Abiosynthesis II (mammalian), PWY-6385 = PWY-6385: peptidoglycan biosynthesis III (mycobacteria), TRNA-CHARGING-PWY = TRNA-CHARGING-PWY: tRNA charging, ARO-PWY = ARO-PWY: chorismate biosynthesis I, PWY-6122 = PWY-6122: 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide biosynthesis I).