Fig. 5: The initial minutes of LTD induction are marked by PIP2 clusters transiently occurring in spine heads. | Communications Biology

Fig. 5: The initial minutes of LTD induction are marked by PIP2 clusters transiently occurring in spine heads.

From: Long-term depression in neurons involves temporal and ultra-structural dynamics of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate relying on PIP5K, PTEN and PLC

Fig. 5

a Example TEM image of a cryo-preserved, freeze-fractured and anti-PIP2 immunogold-labeled spine of a primary hippocampal neuron treated with NMDA for 3 min. Clustered (n ≥ 3 gold particles in a circular ROI with a diameter of 100 nm) and (more) disperse anti-PIP2 signals in the spine head are marked with circles and an arrowhead, respectively. Bar, 200 nm. b Quantification of the distribution of anti-PIP2 immunogold labels in spine heads found within a cluster compared to labels outside of any cluster (in percent of total labeling found at the spine head membrane). Note the transient increase in clustering 2 and 3 min into NMDA treatment. Data, mean ± SEM. 0 min, n = 159; 1 min, n = 36; 2 min, n = 53; 3 min, n = 49; 5 (3 + 2) min, n = 50; 10 (3 + 7) min, n = 59; 15 (3 + 12) min, n = 44; 30 (3 + 27) min, n = 35 ROIs (spine head) each from 3 to 16 independent assays with different incubation times. Two-way ANOVA/Šídák’s Multiple Comparison test (comparisons to 0 min). *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001. P-values are reported directly in the figure. For numerical source data, see Supplementary Data 1.

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