Table 1 Calculated jaw adductor muscle forces.

From: Functional reorganisation of the cranial skeleton during the cynodont–mammaliaform transition

m. temp. sup

m. temp. pro

m. mass. sup.

m. mass. pro.

m.pter. ext.

m. pter. int.

SUM

Thrinaxodon liorhinus

26.4

64.0

14.4

9.5

0.5

0.12

114.92

Diademodon tetragonus

360

510

75

428

38

118

1529

Chiniquodon sanjuanensis

32.4

40.8

12.5

20.3

6.2

3.4

115.6

cf. Probainognathus sp.

4.8

9.0

4.2

5.1

1.3

3.9

28.3

Morganucodon oehleri

2.4

1.0

2.4

1.5

0.2

0.3

7.8

Hadrocodium wui

0.64

0.12

0.88

0.45

0.22

0.24

2.55

Monodelphis domestica

7.2

2.0

8.5

7.4

1.1

3.3

29.5

Dasyurus hallucatus

7.6

11.2

4.6

4.4

0.6

3

31.4

Petropseudes dahli

20.4

33

40.8

26.6

3

6.4

130.2

  1. Muscle loads for each muscle group as used in the biomechanical analyses. All magnitudes in newtons (N).
  2. m. mass. pro. m. masseter pars profunda, m. mass. sup. m. masseter pars superficialis, m. ptg. ext. m. pterygoideus externus, m. ptg. int. m. pterygoideus internus, m. temp. pro. m. temporalis pars profunda, m. temp. sup. m. temporalis pars superficialis.