Fig. 3: Identification of RIG-I ligands by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)-chip assay.

a Experimental design. b Proportion of transposable elements (TEs) enriched in the input and RIG-RIP samples. Proportion = TPM sum of the indicated TE family/TPM sum of all TEs. Data were from three biological replicates. c Fold change in expression for each TE family. Fold change = TPM sum of the indicated TE family in the RIG-RIP sample/TPM sum of the indicated TE family in the input sample. Error bars represent the SEM of three biological replicates. d Quantification of ISRE activity in A549 cells at 0, 24 and 48 h after transfection with the indicated concentration of synthesised LTR21B. Error bars represent the SEM of three biological replicates. ns no significance; *p ≤ 0.05 and **p ≤ 0.01 compared to 0 h by paired t-test. e Quantification of ISRE activation in WT and RIG-KO A549 cells 48 h after LTR21B transfection (100 ng/mL). Error bars represent the SEM of three biological replicates. *p ≤ 0.05 and **p ≤ 0.01, paired t-test.