Fig. 2: Correlation of striatal dopamine release with reward rate.

a Local expression of the genetically encoded dopamine sensor dLight1.3b in DMS and DLS. b Representative event-aligned dLight fluorescence signals in rewarded and non-rewarded trials. The biphasic dLight fluorescence changes occurred in the Go cue, movement, and outcome periods at 470 nm excitation. Note the same first peak at 470 nm was seen during Go cue and movement and before outcome tone. The signal was differentiated into another peak (red) and dip (blue) only after the outcome appeared. c Representative event-aligned isosbestic signal at 405 nm in rewarded and non-rewarded trials. d dLight signal in the Go cue period in DMS. The yellow horizontal line above traces represents a significant difference (p < 0.01, bin 20 ms; t-test) between rewarded (red) and non-rewarded (blue) responses. Shading area represents the standard error. Horizontal black bars indicate outcome tone duration. Line plot shows the statistical dependence of population dLight signal on reward rate in current rewarded (red) and non-rewarded (blue) trials. All error bars represent SEM. On each box, the central dot indicates the median, the bottom and top edges of the box indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers show the extreme data points not considered outliers. Histograms in insets show the distribution of the correlation coefficient (r) of dLight signal correlation with reward rate for individual sessions. Colored bars represent significant correlation (p < 0.05). The central mark on the box plot indicates the median, the bottom and top edges of the box indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers show the extreme data points not considered outliers; p value indicates the comparison between the distribution of r values and 0 (Wilcoxon rank-sum test). e Same as d for movement onset window. f Same as d for outcome window. g dLight signal in the Go cue period in DLS. h Same as g for movement onset window. i Same as g for outcome window.