Fig. 2: Evolution of the O. kokonorica genome.

a Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among 16 species. The numbers at nodes represent the divergence times. Gene family expansion (+) and contraction (−) are indicated by red and blue, respectively. b Distribution of average synonymous substitution levels (Ks) between syntenic blocks. c Two possible scenarios of species formation for O. kokonorica and C. songorica, with the number in the lower left corner of each tree representing the number of gene trees that support the topology (Os: O. sativa; Oko: O. kokonorica; Cso: C. songorica; Otho: O. thomaeum). d Classification of gene duplicate origins in the Oko genome. e Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the tandem duplicated genes in Oko. Circle color represents -log(FDR) (false discovery rate) in the hypergeometric test corrected using BH (Benjamini and Hochberg) method. Circle size represents the gene count of the GO terms.