Fig. 4: Microbial community of alfalfa silage with endophytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as additive. | Communications Biology

Fig. 4: Microbial community of alfalfa silage with endophytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as additive.

From: Characterization of phyllosphere endophytic lactic acid bacteria reveals a potential novel route to enhance silage fermentation quality

Fig. 4

a The box-and-whiskers plot shows the Shannon index of silage microbial community. The box depicts the interquartile range (IQR) between the 25th and 75th percentiles respectively, the top of the box is the first quartile, the bottom is the third quartile, and the line within the box represents the median. The whiskers extend 1.5 times the IQR from the top and bottom of the box, respectively. Statistical significance (P < 0.05) among the treatments according to one-way ANOVA and LSD test at the 5% level (n = 3, biologically independent samples). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. b Redundancy analysis for microbial community and silage quality. c Random Forest analysis (decision tree = 500) of characteristic microorganisms of different silage microbial communities. d Silage microbial community composition in genus level. e–i Co-occurrence network of silage microbial community of PB (e), EP2 (f), EP3 (g), EN5 (h), EN6 (i). Pink node represents LAB, and red node represents key LAB. The orange line represents negative correlation, and the blue line represents positive correlation (Spearman correlation > | 0.6 | and P < 0.05). FM fresh matter of alfalfa, PB naturally silage by phyllosphere bacteria, EP2 inoculated epiphytic LAB Lactococcus lactis, EP3 inoculated epiphytic LAB Lactiplantibacillus pentosus, EN5 inoculated endophytic LAB Pediococcus pentosaceus, EN6 inoculated endophytic LAB Lactiplantibacillus plantarum.

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