Fig. 5: Validation with synthetic cell.

a Photograph of a synthetic cell as seen under ×100 magnification on top of the Pd substrate. The two dark spots correspond to Pd pillars visible through the cell. b 3D model showing the relative positioning of the synthetic cell on the Pd pillars. c, d 3D reconstruction of the thickness and refractive index maps obtained for the synthetic cell. e, f Uncertainty maps for the thickness and RI of the synthetic cell.