Fig. 1: Iodido agents induce oxidative DNA damage and produce mitochondrial dysfunction in GI cancer cells.

a Oxidative DNA damage (FPG sensitive lesions) at telomeres (left up), mitochondria regions encoding for mitochondrial MT-COX1 (right up) and MT-CYB (right down) genes, as well as the nuclear 36B4 single copy gene (left down) in cells exposed, or not, to IC50 concentrations (see Methods for details) of CDDP or compounds I5 or I6 during 24 h. The differences in PCR kinetics (ΔCt) between FPG-digested vs undigested DNA (Buffer) is represented for each sample. Bars represent the mean fold change ± SEM 10–12 replicates from three independent experiments normalized to the control. Statistical significance was calculated using two-tailed unpaired t-test (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, ns not significant). b Mean fold change ± SD of the ratio of ΔΨm probe (CMX-ROS)/Mitochondrial mass probe (MitoGreen) as a measurement to evaluate mitochondrial functionality in AGS, MKN45 and PANC1 treated with CDDP, I5 or I6 (IC50 doses for 24 h). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, as determined by unpaired two-sided Student’s t-test, compared to untreated (C: Control) set as 1.0.