Fig. 2: Classical autophagy process mediated by ATG7 as E1-like enzyme.
From: Insights on E1-like enzyme ATG7: functional regulation and relationships with aging-related diseases

ATG7 protein is a homodimeric E1 enzyme that mediates covalent modifications of other autophagy-related proteins during autophagy, including the binding of ATG5 and ATG12, and the lipidation of LC3.