Table 2 Main regulatory mechanisms of Atg7 at DNA and RNA levels

DNA level

G4-ligand

PDS

Neurodegeneration; Lewy Body disease

¹⁴

BRACO19

Memory deficits

¹⁵

Transcription factor

FOXO1

Bone formation; NK cell development, Innate immunity; Cancer treatment, including human cholangiocarcinoma, BC tumorigenesis

^26,29,31,243

FOXO3

An anti-neoplastic mechanism

³²

HSF1

Tumorigenesis

³⁵

TGF-β1

Fibrosis of many tissues, including liver, kidney, vocal fold, ureter, lung, and skin

^{40,41,42,43,44,45}

STAT3

Skeletal muscle atrophy

^46,48

mRNA level

Osteoarthritis; Drug resistance

^63,64,65

miRNA

miR-129-5p

Heart failure

⁶⁸

miR-143, miR-182-5p, miR-20b-5p

Myocardial I/R injury

^69,70,71

miR-542-5p

H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury

⁷³

miR-7-5p, miR-138-5p; MiR-1236-3p

DDP resistance

^80,81,83

miR-17

Glioblastoma development; Prostate cancer

^95,96

miR-20a

Glioma development; Prostate cancer

^95,97

miRNA-93a

Prolactinomas; Pituitary adenomas

¹⁰³

miR-106a

Colorectal cancer

¹⁰⁴

miR-210, miR-138-5p

Lung cancer

¹⁰⁶

miR-190A, miR-582-5p, miR-154

Bladder cancer

^108,109

miR-1275, miR-348

Breast cancer

¹¹⁰

miR-202-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-654-5p

DD/IDD

^116,117,118

miR-508-5p, miR-192-5p

AS

^119,120

lncRNA

IncRNA APF

Myocardial infarction

⁷⁵

lncRNA H19, lncRNA CHRF

Myocardial I/R injury

^69,70

LncRNA 0003250

Se deficiency

⁷⁹

lncRNA CCAT1, lncRNA DANCR, lncRNA TINCR

HCC

^92,93,94

circRNA

circRACGAP1

Gastric cancer

⁸⁷

circRNA0006948

Osteosarcoma

¹⁴⁴

circRNA0092276

Breast cancer

¹¹⁰

RBP

HuR

renal tubular cell apoptosis

^146,147

LIN28A

Breast cancer

¹⁴⁸