Fig. 4: BAs homeostasis in mice receiving persistent exposure of environmental HTH.

a The diagrammatic sketch of bile acids homeostasis and its regulatory effect on β-oxidation through FXR-ACC2 pathway. The hepatic expression of (b) Cyp7a1, (c) Cyp7b1, (d) Cyp8b1, and (e) Cyp27 were shown in columns. b–e n = 6 for each group, *P < 0.05 by two-tailed Student’s t test. Error bars represent ±s.d. f The level of GLP-1 after treated with LCA, TLCA, CDCA and TCDCA in vitro. n = 3 for each group, ***P < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis test. Error bars represent ±s.d. g Targeted metabolomics analysis of BAs in liver. n = 10 for each group, *P < 0.05 by two-tailed Student’s t test (LCA) and Mann–Whitney U test (TLCA). Error bars represent ±s.d. h Targeted metabolomics analysis of BAs in fecal. n = 5 for each group, *P < 0.05 by two-tailed Student’s t test. Error bars represent ±s.d.