Table 2 Associations of different measures of amyloid-β (Aβ) with tau tangles and modifications of the associations by GPER1 RNA expression level

Series	Model terms	Model 1	Model 2
Series	Model terms	Estimate (SE), p value
A	GPER1 RNA expression level	0.118 (0.036), 0.001	0.008 (0.066), 0.909
	Aβ load	0.523 (0.029), <0.001	0.533 (0.029), <0.001
	GPER1×Aβ load	NA	0.063 (0.032), 0.044
B	GPER1 RNA expression level	0.128 (0.040), 0.001	0.166 (0.043), <0.001
	Total Aβ protein level	0.178 (0.012), <0.001	0.182 (0.012), <0.001
	GPER1×total Aβ	NA	0.031 (0.014), 0.030
C	GPER1 RNA expression level	0.121 (0.043), 0.005	0.102 (0.043), 0.018
	Aβ38 peptide level	0.154 (0.029), <0.001	0.169 (0.030), <0.001
	GPER1×Aβ38	NA	0.103 (0.033), 0.002

In three series of linear regressions, associations of GPER1 RNA expression level and three measures of Aβ were examined with tau tangles density (as the outcome). The three measures of Aβ were Aβ load, determined using immunohistochemical methods, and total Aβ and Aβ38 protein levels, determined by targeted proteomic analysis. In each series of linear regressions one of the Aβ measures was examined in two models. Model 1 included terms for Aβ measure and GPER1 RNA expression level, and model 2 included model 1 terms and a term for an interaction between the Aβ measure and GPER1 RNA expression level. All the models were controlled for age at death, sex, and education.

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