Fig. 2: Effects of Mito-ortho-HNK on the bacterial l-dopa consumptions with or without carbidopa. | Communications Biology

Fig. 2: Effects of Mito-ortho-HNK on the bacterial l-dopa consumptions with or without carbidopa.

From: Mitigating gut microbial degradation of levodopa and enhancing brain dopamine: Implications in Parkinson’s disease

Fig. 2

E. faecalis was treated with the Mito-ortho-HNK as indicated in the presence of 1 mM l-dopa alone (a–d) or with the additional 0.22 mM of carbidopa (e–h). The effects of Mito-ortho-HNK on the proliferation in the presence of l-dopa alone (a) or in the presence of l-dopa and carbidopa combination (e) were monitored at OD600 for 6 h and culture media were collected at indicated time points for l-dopa and dopamine measurements. High-performance liquid chromatography traces of representatives’ samples and standards are shown in panel (b, f). The effects of Mito-ortho-HNK on l-dopa consumption (c, g) and dopamine formation (d, h) are shown in the presence of 1 mM l-dopa alone (a–d) or with the additional 0.22 mM of carbidopa (e–h) respectively. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t test. *P < 0.05 or **P < 0.01 vs control group at each collection time point. Data shown are the mean ± SD, n = 3.

Back to article page