Fig. 1: Schematic representation of chromosome replication processes.
From: Monitoring and quantifying replication fork dynamics with high-throughput methods
a Temporal regulation of DNA replication at genomic scale. Origins are licensed in the G1 phase (gray) and activated across the S phase (black). Red and blue indicate newly replicated forward and reverse genomic strands. b The chromatin replication and epigenome maintenance include replication-coupled (left) and post-replication processes (right). Nucleosome disassembly and assembly at the fork involve recycling of parental modified histones (tangerine) and the new histone deposition (ivory). DNA methylation is maintained after replication, and the newly synthesized strands are remethylated symmetrically to parental strands (violet lollipops). Chromatin maturation and epigenome maintenance entail the transcription restart, re-establishing transcriptional factor occupancy and nucleosome positioning, and progressive post-replicative restoration of histone and DNA modification profiles. Genome integrity processes ensure fork stability and repair of replication mistakes, including excision of incorporated ribonucleotides, mismatches, and nick repair.
