Fig. 6: FBXO47 regulates HORMAD1 to ensure proper chromosome synapsis.

In Fbxo47^+/+ mice, the location of HORMAD1 (green), SYCP3 (red), and centromeres (blue) is observed at different stages: a, a′ At late-zygotene stage, white arrows show the retreat of HORMAD1, while yellow arrows point to the remaining HORMAD1 expression at unpaired centromeric ends. b, b′ For pachytene stage, yellow arrows indicate the persistent HORMAD1 expression at the X-Y body. c, c′ In diplotene cells, yellow arrows demonstrate the recruitment of HORMAD1 expression on desynapsed regions. In Fbxo47^−⁄− mice, the location of HORMAD1, SYCP3, and centromeres is altered: d, d′ Late-zygotene stage, where white arrows denote the retreat of HORMAD1, and yellow arrows indicate the lack of HORMAD1 expression at unpaired centromeres. e, e′ Pachytene-like stage, arrows point to the recruitment of HORMAD1 expression on chromosomes; yellow arrows indicate strong HORMAD1 at unpaired centromeric ends, while red arrows show slight HORMAD1 at paired parts. f, f′ Desynapsed pachytene-like stage, with yellow arrows showing the separation of non-centromeric ends and chromosome arms, and red arrows highlighting the weak expression of HORMAD1 on chromosome axes. The data from Fig. 6 underline the importance of HORMAD1 in participating proper chromosome pairing during meiosis.