Fig. 8: Upregulation of TUBB6 in Tubb4b−/− murine retina.

A Relative mRNA levels of β-tubulin isotypes in retinal tissues from 1-month-old Tubb4b+/+ and Tubb4b−/− mice, assessed by RT-qPCR. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3–4, unpaired t test, two-tailed). *P value ≤ 0.05. B Immunoblot analysis of β-tubulin isotype protein levels in retinal tissues from 1-month-old Tubb4b−/− and wildtype littermates. Antibodies used include pan-β-tubulin, TUBB2, TUBB3, TUBB5, and TUBB6-tubulin (left panel). Total protein stain of corresponding membranes is shown in the right panel (n = 5). C Quantification of β-tubulin isotype protein levels from (B), normalized to total protein. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 5, unpaired t test, two-tailed). *P value ≤ 0.05. D Retinal cross-sections from Tubb4b+/+ and Tubb4b−/− littermates at 1.5 months, probed with TUBB6 (green) antibody and counterstained with DAPI (blue) for nuclei. Scale bar = 25 µm. ONL outer nuclear layer, INL inner nuclear layer, IS inner segment.