Fig. 3: Relationships between structural‒functional coupling (SFC) and structural and functional gradients.

The first two principal gradients derived from the averaged control structural and functional connectivity matrices are presented. Gradient scores are projected back onto the cortical surface. The first principal structural (A) and functional (B) gradients revealed a dissociation between the posterior and anterior regions. The second principal structural (C) and functional (D) gradients revealed a dissociation between unimodal and transmodal regions. E The functional gradient map is from Margulies et al. and is similar to our constructed second principal structural (C) and functional (D) gradients. F We plot the correlation between the SFC t-statistic and the five different gradient scores to understand the relationship and found that SFC is positively correlated with the first functional gradient and negatively correlated with the second structural gradient and functional gradient.