Fig. 5: A comparison of food webs and aggregate causal webs for the four systems studied.
From: The impact of data resolution on dynamic causal inference in multiscale ecological networks
A Aggregated causal webs (blue arrows) overlayed with food webs (red arrows). B High-resolution causal webs mapping interactions between individual species. Each large circle represents an aggregated function group of species, and each dot represents an individual species. Note that although there are more causal links (blue arrows) than food web links (red arrows) in A, not every food web link is detectably causal as might be expected from scale considerations. Indeed, when the systems are views through a high-resolution (species-resolved) lens, there is always at least one link between all trophically linked aggregates (B).
