Fig. 1: The 13 craniofacial traits measured for each species.
From: Complexity and weak integration promote the diversity of reef fish oral jaws
A A lateral view of the head of a cleared and stained coral reef fish (Lutjanus kasmira) illustrating 9 of the 13 traits measured and the location of the horizontal and vertical body axis used for position measurements. (1) length of the dentigerous arm of the premaxilla, (2) length of the maxilla, (3) lower jaw length, (4) jaw closing in-lever length (used to calculate mechanical advantage) (5) jaw opening in-lever length (used to calculate mechanical advantage), (6) head length, (7) antero-posterior and dorso-ventral position of the lower jaw joint, (8) antero-posterior and dorso-ventral position of the anteriormost portion of the palatine, (9) location of the intersection of a horizontal body axis that passed through the tip of the first tooth in the premaxilla and the last vertebrate centra and a vertical axis, orthogonal to the first axis that passed through the center of the orbit of the eye. B Illustration of the head region showing (10) head height, (11) jaw protrusion, and (12) the adductor mandibulae. C Illustration of the jaws showing the (13) mouth gape measurement.
