Fig. 5: A comparison of DRAMs was obtained using SS and NGS.

A Bubble chart representing the frequency of predicted DRAMs to NRTIs/NNRTIs, PIs, and INSTIs (using the Stanford drug resistance database standard platform) detected in HIV-infected humanized mouse samples. The size of the bubbles indicates the count of mice with each mutation, identified using Sanger sequencing (SS) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) at varying detection thresholds (2%, 5%, 20%). B The DRAMs and their respective proportion detected using SS and three NGS thresholds (2%, 5%, 20%) were presented using the grid graph, with color coding specific to each amino acid mutation, and additional mutations detected were highlighted with dotted squares. Significant mutations are shown with asterisks—SS, Sanger sequencing, NGS, and Next-generation sequencing.