Fig. 1: Liraglutide significantly ameliorated AlCl3-induced anxiety-like behavior.

The timeline of the experimental design and behavioral analyses (A), the ameliorative effects of Liraglutide (Lira) and Donepezil (Done) on aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced Alzheimer’s disease in rats according to (B–E) open field and (F, G) light/dark tests. (n = 6 male rats). The data are presented as the means ± standard errors of the means (SEMs). Statistical analysis was performed via one-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey multiple comparison test. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, and ∗∗∗P < 0.001. OF open field test, NOR novel object recognition test, LD light/dark test, MWM Morris water maze test, EPM elevated plus maze test, FST forced swimming test.