Fig. 5

The C 1s XPS spectra of GNF and GF. a The black and purple dashed lines show the C 1s spectra of GNF and b GF have peaks at 284.4 and 284.7 eV, respectively. The red dashed line shows peak position of Ni-C bond at 283.2 eV. The black line with a bubble labeled as “original curve” represents the curve obtained from original XPS data (the black line is obscured by the bubbles)