Fig. 6

Free energy profile for C–H arylation with a diaryliodonium salt. The free energy profile for the reductive elimination, proton transfer, and counterion exchange steps during Ni(II)-catalysed C–H bond arylation with a diaryliodonium salt. Relative energy changes are in kcal mol−1 and were calculated at the M11-L/6-311+G(d) level in dioxane solvent. Optimized geometries of transition states 17-ts, 20-ts, 23-ts, and 25-ts. The bond lengths are in angstroms