Table 1 Successful examples of high-resolution electron microscopy imaging of MOFs.
Materials | Methods | Imaging conditions | Information transferred | Structures studied | Reference/Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MIL-101 | |||||
MIL-101 | HR-TEM | 200 kV | Mesopore | Bulk | 23/2005 |
HR-TEM | 300 kV, 8 e− Å−2 | 2.5 Å | Bulk and surface | 36/2019 | |
iDPC-STEM | 300 kV, 54 e− Å−2 | 4.7 Å | Bulk | 93/2020 | |
iDPC-STEM | 200 kV, 84 e− Å−2 | 2 Å | Bulk | Unpublished (Fig. 7a) | |
Pt@MIL-101 | ADF-STEM | 200 and 300 kV, 10 pA | 1.6 nm | Guest species | 46/2016 |
CsPbI3@MIL-101 | HAADF-STEM | 300 kV, 2 pA | Mesopore | Guest species | 90/2019 |
Ag-MIL-100 | HAADF-STEM | 300 kV, 162 e− Å−2 | 8.17 Å | Bulk, interface, and guest species | 76/2017 |
MOF-74/IRMOF-74 | HR-TEM | 120 kV | Mesopore | Bulk | 56/2012 |
ADF-STEM | 300 kV | Micropore | Bulk | 38/2014 | |
ADF-STEM | 300 kV | 2.9 Å | Bulk | 59/2015 | |
Ni-CAT-1 | HR-TEM and ADF-STEM | 120 kV and 60 kV | Mesopore | Bulk | 57/2012 |
MOF-5 | (cryo) HR-TEM | 80 kV | Micropore | Bulk | 20/2012 |
PCN-333 | HR-TEM | 200 kV | 10 Å | Bulk | 58/2015 |
UiO-66 | HR-TEM | 200 kV | 6 Å | Bulk | 9/2013 |
HR-TEM | 300 kV, 12 e− Å−2 | 1.6 Å | Bulk and surface | 30/2018 | |
HR-TEM | 300 kV, 12 e− Å−2 | 2 Å | Defects | 35/2019 | |
iDPC-STEM | 200 kV, 340 e− Å−2 | 1.4 Å | Bulk | Unpublished (Fig. 7b) | |
ZIF-8 | |||||
ZIF-8 | HR-TEM | 300 kV, 4.1 e− Å−2 | 2.1 Å | Bulk, surface, and interface | 22/2017 |
CO2-ZIF-8 | (cryo) HR-TEM | 300 kV, 7 e− Å−2 | 1.86 Å | Guest species | 91/2019 |
Protein-ZIF-8 | (cryo) HR-TEM | 300 kV, 5 e− Å−2 | Crystal lattice | Bulk | 21/2020 |
MXene-derived PMOF | HR-TEM | 300 kV | <3 Å | Bulk | 60/2019 |
NU-1000 | |||||
NU-1000 | ADF-STEM | 300 kV | Mesopore | Bulk | 92/2017 |
Mn12Ac@NU-1000 | HR-TEM | 300 kV, 8 e− Å−2 | 3 Å | Guest species | 34/2019 |
