Fig. 5: The different species of EADS comparison of the Chl-D solution and film.

a EADS of singlet species comparison of the pristine Chl-D solution and the ones purged with N2 gas or blended with HQ. b EADS of triplet species comparison of the Chl-D solution (the pristine and N2 purged ones) and Chl-D film (the neat and β-carotene-blended ones), and (c) EADS of the radical species comparison of the Chl-D solution (the pristine one and the HQ-blended one) and carrier species of Chl-D film (the film with and without blending with HQ). The gray broken-dotted line in each figure is the inverted steady-state absorption spectrum of each sample for comparison.