Fig. 4: Wrapping of artificial fibers and theoretical bending strains on various materials.
From: Light-induced rolling of azobenzene polymer thin films for wrapping subcellular neuronal structures

A Optical micrographs of several pDR1M platforms dispersed on PAN electrospun fibers in water and rolled with the depicted light stimulus. B Colored SEM images of dried PAN fibers with rolled pDR1M platforms. C i Bending strains endured by the thin films (represented in blue) coated on either side of the rolling platforms. ii and iii, Evolution of the tensile strain (ε, as calculated in ii, also described as Eq. (2) in the Materials and Methods section) normalized to the material’s ultimate strain (εmax) with the diameter of the microtubes. The black solid vertical line on the right side of the graph represents the values of ε/εmax at 1 µm rolling diameter (vertical black dotted line) for the various materials. The thin films fail above ε/εmax = 1 (horizontal red dotted line). d: microtube diameter, ts: substrate (pDR1M) thickness, tf: film thickness, Es: substrate Young’s modulus, Ef: film Young’s modulus. All parameters are defined in Table 1 in the “Materials and Methods” section.