Table 1 Various Seifert surface properties and NL topological invariants

From: Emergence and full 3D-imaging of nodal boundary Seifert surfaces in 4D topological matter

Link/Knot

N

Genus

Rank

Seifert matrix

\({\bf{A}}({\bf{t}})\)

Signature

Hopf

2

0

1

\(-1\)

\(\frac{t-1}{\sqrt{t}}\)

−1

Trefoil

1

1

2

\(\left(\begin{array}{cc}-1&0\\ 1&-1\end{array}\right)\)

\(t+{t}^{-1}-1\)

\(-2\)

2-link

2

1

3

\(\left(\begin{array}{ccc}-1 & 0 & 0\\ 1&0 & -1\\ 0 & 0 & 1\end{array}\right)\)

0

0

  1. Results are obtained from simulated boundary Seifert surface measurements of the nodal systems discussed. The combination of these topological invariants serves to precisely identify the nodal topology