Fig. 1: Schematic of a driven quantum particle under a magnetic field.
From: Free energy amplification by magnetic flux for driven quantum systems

A charged particle is dragged by a harmonic potential, whose minimum position follows an external force. The gray arrow illustrates a moving trajectory of the potential well on a two-dimensional plane. A uniform magnetic field (green arrow) applies to the positive-z direction, which alters the free energy change in the quantum regime.