Fig. 2: Free energy amplification for a driven quantum system under a magnetic field.
From: Free energy amplification by magnetic flux for driven quantum systems
a Free energy difference between two steady states of the closed quantum system in the experiment34: one state is undriven and the other is subject to a constant force. The force causes a free energy change, which can be amplified by adding a magnetic field at low temperatures. The magnetic intensity is denoted by the color code. The horizontal axis is the effective temperature Teff implemented in the experiment and kB is the Boltzmann constant. b Free energy differences under a set of temperatures Teff and magnetic intensities B. The first column for B = 0 T agrees with the measurement in Table 1 by An et al.34. The results with finite magnetic field predict that the amplification becomes threefold (≈8.94/2.62) under B = 10 T and temperature 316 nK. The analytical formula in Eq. (3), and the parameter values can be found in “Experimental designs”.
