Fig. 3: Normalized cumulative density graphs of phase histograms.
a DxO@mGO and c MxD@mGO at low A0 depicting the net dissipated energy from the fluctuational probability transitions at light tapping in the limit \({\Delta}\phi \to 0\). The two-level transition originates from both heterogeneous and homogeneous energy losses. Phase images of b DxO@mGO and d MxD@mGO at low and high amplitudes and comparable Asp/A0 ratios. The absence of the secondary heterogeneous transition at higher A0 = 25 and 15.54 nm (traditional hard tapping) is apparent. The histogram peaks in (b) and (d) highlight the separation of the timescales in the underlying dynamics accentuated by the fluctuations. The transitions at A0 = 25 and 15.54 nm are centered at 0 with a positive \({\Delta}\phi\) skew signifying an apparent contact regime operation.
