Fig. 4: Control of rotational dynamics to energetically separate degenerate initial states.
From: Full quantum control of enantiomer-selective state transfer in chiral molecules despite degeneracy
a and b These depict the population dynamics for the initial state \(\left|J=1,\tau =0,M=-1\right\rangle\) and c and d display the dynamics for the initial state \(\left|J=1,\tau =0,M=1\right\rangle\), where J, τ, and M are the quantum numbers of the asymmetric top. a and c show the population in the rotational levels J, τ = 1, 1, J, τ = 1, 0 and J, τ = 0, 0. The population dynamics of the degenerate states are depicted by green (M = −1), purple (M = 0), and orange (M = 1) lines. The envelope of the pulses is indicated by the orange (frequency ω = ω1) and pink (ω = ω2) shapes, and x, y, and z denote the polarization of the corresponding fields. Time is given in units of t0 = ℏ/B. The initial (t = 0) and final (t = T) states are sketched in b and d. The gray dots indicate the initially populated states \(\left|J=1,\tau =0,M=-1\right\rangle\) (b) and \(\left|J=1,\tau =0,M=1\right\rangle\) (d), as well as the states populated at t = T, \(\left|J=0,\tau =0,M=0\right\rangle\) (b) and \(\left|J=1,\tau =1,M=\pm \!1\right\rangle\) (d). The vertical bars show the frequencies ω1 and ω2.
