Fig. 1: Asymmetric sawteeth and dominant phenotypes.
From: Spontaneous polarization and cell guidance on asymmetric nanotopography

a Zoomed-in schematic of the array of asymmetric sawteeth used in the phase-field model. Multiple cell-shape phenotypes are observed, including (b) crescents and (c) wedges. d Polarization vector field of a cell moving down the sawteeth. The polarization vector field indicates the directions of the actin polymerization and the membrane pushing force. The color denotes the strength of the polarization (p), with blue being the weakest and red being the strongest. All polarization vectors point out of the cell. The asymmetric sawtooth nanotopography can cause the cell to polarize spontaneously (e) either down the sawteeth or (f) perpendicular to the sawteeth.