Fig. 9: Structural and electronic disproportionation of Ca2RuO4 versus epitaxial strain.
From: Quantifying the role of the lattice in metal–insulator phase transitions

Equilibrium electronic order parameter characterizing the orbital polarization ΔN (a) and Ni–O apical bond distortion δz (b) versus epitaxial strain defined as the difference in mean in-plane Ru–O bond length relative to the value in the high temperature structure of Ca2RuO4 as imposed through epitaxial strain via in-plane Ni–O bond changes away from the bulk values, δx0, δy0 where δx0 = δy0, computed as described in the main text.