Fig. 3: Disentanglement of carrier and exciton components.
From: Tracking carrier and exciton dynamics in mixed-cation lead mixed-halide perovskite thin films

Transient absorption (TA) spectra ΔA(ℏω) for experimental data (circles) and fits (dashed lines) (a–c) at short time delays and (d–f) long time delays for 400-nm pump. Carrier contribution [CC] term and exciton contribution [EC] term are shown in b, e and c, f, respectively. ΔA(ℏω) is the transient change of the absorption spectrum at certain pump-probe time delays with respect to the steady-state one. ℏ is the reduced Planck constant and ω is the photon frequency. O.D. is the optical density, as defined in Fig. 1.