Fig. 3: Simulations of the spatially inhomogeneous susceptibility probed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra.
From: The observation of quantum fluctuations in a kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet
a Temperature dependence of NMR shifts K1 and K2, as well as bulk 〈Sz〉 measured in a vibrating sample magnetometer at a field μ0H∥ = 10.75 T. The colored lines show the calculated average 〈Sz〉 over all the triangles (\(\overline{\langle {S}_{{{{{{{{\rm{t}}}}}}}}}^{z}\rangle }\)), nonsymmetric hexagons (\(\overline{\langle {S}_{{{{{{{{\rm{nh}}}}}}}}}^{z}\rangle }\)), and symmetric hexagons (\(\overline{\langle {S}_{{{{{{{{\rm{sh}}}}}}}}}^{z}\rangle }\)). b, c The finite-temperature Lanczos diagonalization results of local magnetization of triangles (\(\langle {S}_{{{{{{{{\rm{t}}}}}}}}}^{z}\rangle\)) and nonsymmetric hexagons (\(\langle {S}_{{{{{{{{\rm{nh}}}}}}}}}^{z}\rangle\)), along with the measured K1 and K2, respectively. d Calculated local correlations of the selected spin pairs (e, f) as function of normalized temperature T/〈J1〉. e Calculations of a sample within the random kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet (KHA) model at T = 0.1〈J1〉 and μ0H∥ = 10.75 T. The solid circles and squares stand for local magnetization \(\langle {S}_{i}^{z}\rangle\) at the kagome site i and correlation function 〈Si ⋅ Sj〉 of the nearest-neighbor spin pair 〈ij〉, respectively. f The same calculations as in e, but within the ideal KHA model. The dashed lines mark the clusters with periodic boundary conditions, and J1a, J1b, J1c, and J1 present the exchange couplings. The color scale in b and c quantifies the distributed density, whereas the ones in e and f quantify the local magnetization (circles) and correlation function (squares), respectively. The bars in a–c show the regions where the intensities are larger than half of the maximum value.
