Fig. 3: Soliton formation process.
From: Multi-port real-time observation for ultrafast intracavitary evolution dynamics

a Spectral information captured by the DFT method. b The real-time evolution process of the soliton establishment, including 5 different physical processes. The output of the three ports is different in detail. EDF erbium-doped fiber, PC polarization controller, OIM optical integrated module. c Typical cross-sections of the spectra. The drift of the Kelly sideband can be observed owing to the accurate spectral trigger. d Zoom in spectral evolution of 5 stages.